Last pin



July 9, 1929. E M, RTON 1.720.269

LAST PIN Filed June 29, 1927 Patented July 9, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENTOFF ERNEST M. FULLERTON, OF STOUGHTON, MASSACHUSETTS;

LAST rm. I

Application filed June 29 My present invention relates to lasts and more particularly to pins for use in the manufacture and assembly of lasts.

My present novel pin, or dowel, is applicable to any type of last. \Vhen utilized in block lasts, it will take the place of the usual dowel pins, and in these constructions will be of extreme value. lVhen used as a dowel pin, the present invention is equally applicable to block lasts, block fasteners, cord and button lasts, and many types of follower lasts. l/Vhen used in combination with these different types of lasts employing an instep block, the dowel pin is utilized at the toe of the last, many different methods of securing the block at the top of the last being utilized. Heretofore the dowel pins utilized in lasts of the types above referred to, have been wooden pins, or metal pins, and in each instance glue has been utilized for the purpose of holding these pins into the last. This has always been unsatisfactory, due to the contrasting conditions of moisture and dryness which the last encounters during the process of manufacture, causing the glue to lose its adhesive capacity, and resulting in the loosening and frequent dropping out of the dowels pins. The threaded metal dowels have also been used, but these necessitate the labor of screwing the dowel into position.

An important object of my present invention, therefore, is the elimination of any glue or other adhesive to hold the dowel in the last.

A further feature of the invention "is the provision of a dowel pin which. when once driven into the last, becomes substantially an integral part of the last, it being substantially impossible to remove my dowel once it has been inserted.

A further disadvantage of present dowel pins resides in the fact that frequently tapered pins are utilized, and in driving these tapered pins into the toe of the last, great care must be exercised since splitting of the lastfrequently results from the driving of these tapered pins into the wood of the last, such wood, as is well known, being extremely hard.

'My present invention eliminates this last named dilficulty entirely, breakage of the last being substantially eliminated by the use of my novel dowel.

In carrying out my present invention I construct a dowel pin of metal, one end of which is slightly chamfered, and on the end 1927. Serial No. 202,181.

of the pin adjacent tothe chamfered po rt1on I provide a predetermined length of knurling. I apply this knurling by cutting lengthwise of the pin, from the cha-Infered end toward the opposite end, rather than ap plying the knurling sideways. In this manner teeth are formed on the pin, with the heads or largerportions of the teeth so positioned that they will point away from the chamfered end. Thus when driven into the wood of the last the natural expansion and contraction of the wood due to this driving will cause the wood to shrink in around these teeth. and render it substantially impossible to withdraw the dowel pin when once inserted. lVhen applying these dowel pins to the toe portion ofa last, a recess is provided in said toe portion, preferably of slightly less diameter than the diameter of the dowel pin. The dowel is then driven into this recess. the slightly chamfered end thereof facilitating this driving, and as the dowel progresses into the recess the wood of the last will give, and Will then contract around the pin, firmly engaging the same, and meshing with the knurled portionthereof. it will be readily seen that when applied my novel dowel becomes a substantially integral part of the last. The end of the dowel opposite the chamfered portion is rounded, so that it will. not catch. in any block utilized in conjunction therewith.

My novel dowel pin is, of course, utilizable in other positions in a last than at the toe, and it is, therefore, not limited to use in combination with the toe portion of a last.

A further and very important feature of I the present invention resides in the fact that my present novel pin'may be utilized in a hinge last, to take the place of the usual hinge pins. are. at present utilized, including tapered pins, headed pins, and the like, and all of these present-,in a hinge last, the same difficulties and objections that arise with the use of present dowel pins in block lasts, for example. In driving the tapered pins, or headed pins into a hinge last, great care must be exercised, lest the wood of the last be split, and the last therefore ruined.

I may utilize the same pin for a hinge pin as I use for a dowel pin, although I preferably form the pins when used as hinge pins, of a greater length than when used as a dowel. a

An important result obtained by the use Various types of hinge pins of my novel {pin in hinge lasts is that when the pins are driven into the recesses provided therefor, and through the recess'in" the hinge plates; or :members, they will iref main securely and permanently in position, so that they cannot be removed or rotated. This is an extremely importantfeature in a hinge last, since if the hinge is'cramped at all, collapsing or flexing of the last Will not cause'th'e pinto rotate'or revolve inthe wood of .the last, and hen'ceivill not Wear the Wood oft'helast Where the-p'ins'are inserted. The h'inge'mustrotate on tzhepins, instead of-the pins rotating-With thehinge, as at present. With the smooth'ortapered pins now utilized, ifthere IS.I'1O cramping of .the hinge parts, the pin Will turn with the hinge, Whereas in-my present arrangement the pin "becomes a permanent part of the last, immediate'ly upon driving,- and the hinge must rotate or revolve-around the pin. This is a feature which vwill "be appreciated by "those skilled in this art;

I I believe that my present pin, Where util izedas a" dowel pin in lasts ofthe bloclrtype, or utilized as a hinge pin in'hinge lasts, is

novel, and I have therefore claimed the same myizno-vel pin 'to' a hingelast, results in an iIn-provedlast of the hinge type, and this featuresfis also, therefore, claimed herein.

Further features of the invention, details 'of.construction methods of application, and

..advantages, .will be hereinafter more fully pointed"outandclaimedfi V Referring to the: drawings, illustrating 'preferre'd' embodiments .of'the present invention,

1 isa-perspective of "my -novel last Fig. Q'isra sidzelevation, partly insection,

' illlistr'ating'the applicationof the pin of v1 to a last-of the block t'ype';

Fig: 3Lis a crosssectional View on the line =Fig-.-. 4 is-aside-elvation of a-conventional hinge last L Fig; 5 t a cross sectional View on *the line 545 'ofF1g.;4; and.

Flg: 6 is a cross sectlonal -'v1ew illustrating a modification, the modification consisting ,merely in lengtheningthe hinge pin of Fig. 5

As sh Wn in the-drawings, my invention *comprisesapin-l, having a chamfered portion2, and rounded' end 3; Adjacent to the chamtfered end 2"'I apply a knurling 4, this ends-orheads away from @thechamfered end 2. I apply the knurling in this manner,

ratherthan sidewise, as is usual, to produce :th1s result;

In Figs. 2 and 3, I have illustrated my novel pin utilized as a dowel pin in a last of the block type, such last being shown for illustrative purposes only, and it being understood that this pin is applicable to lasts not only of the block type, but of the cord and but-ton lasts, follower lasts and practically all other types of lasts ofthis nature. 5 designates the main portion of a last and 6 the re'movable instep block. In the toe portion 7 of the last, a recess 8 is formed, preferably" of less diameter than the diameter of the pin" 1; The chamfered endof the pin is appIied to the recess, and by simply hammering the head 3, the pin is driven into the recess 2, causing tn-expanding of thewvood at the-edge of the recess, and' a subse uent contraction thereof around and into t e knurli-ng orteeth 4. WVhen the knurled portion of the pin has beendriven into the recess 8, the pin will become a substantiallyintegral part-of "the last, rendering itsubstantially impossible to withdraw or retract thesame.

The instep block G is provided With the usual slot or recess 9, adapted to be slid over the rounded head 3 of th'e pin '1, the'rear end 10 0f the recesses abutting'againstthepin and preventing movement of the instep block past the pin, the instep block being held atits upperor top end by any desirable form of fastener, such as the spring fastener 11, illustrated in diagrammatic form "since this is an essential-part of my invention. The recess9, is of course, of th'e same Width as the diameter of the-"dowel pin, so th'atside movement-pf the instep block Will not/occur, and the abutting of the rear Wall 10 of the recess 9 against the dowel 1, together With the spring fastenenll, will effectually prevent longitudinal movement 'of'the instep block, looseness thereof, and

misplacement thereof, until such time'as it is desired "to remove the same.

By eliminating the use of'glue or other adhesive,- and by; so applying my present dowel pin that it becomes a substantially integral "part of the last, a greatlyimproved last is produced, and many of the objectionable featnres ofpresent and prior dowel pins a-reieliminated.

In-Fig-s. 4, 5 and 6=is illustrated the application and utilization of my novel pin :as a hinge pin. In Fig. 4 a conventional shinge last'is illustrated, comprising a heel part 15, forepart"16,*an'd knuckle joi'nt 17; Through the heel part is drilled arecess-18, and

recess 20. Anytype of hinge structure-'may be i1tilizab1e,-thehinge not forming a. part of the present invention, and therefore being illustrated herein only in portion, the hinge plate 21 being illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. These hinge plates or members are provided with the usual recesses 22,, through which the hinge pins are driven.

In Figs. 5 and 6 the recess 19 is formed, preferably of slightly less diameter than the pin 1. The pin 1 is driven into the recess 19 from the left hand side of the last, viewing Fig. 5, the chamfered end 2 facilitating the driving of the pin into the recess. The action and reaction of the wood of the last to the driving of the oversize pin into the recess 19 is the same as when the pin 1 is driven into the recess 8 in Fig. 2, so that when the knurled portion 4 of the pin is in position in the recess 19, beyond the hinge member 21, it has become immovable therein, remaining permanently in posit-ion. The pin 1 is driven into the recess 19 a sufficient distance so that the hinge member 21 will ride or rotate upon the smooth portion of the pin. Thus, should there be any binding or clamping effect or condition in the hinge members, the pin 1 will not rotate in the recess 19, but the member 21 must rotate or revolve upon the pin. This presents a greatadvantage over present and prior hinge pins of the tapered or headed type, since, when binding or clamping condition occurs in the hinge members, the pins would rotate in the recesses, causing a wearing away of the wood of the last adjacent to these recesses, resulting in loosening of the pins, and an unsatisfactory condition of the last. My novel pin, as will be readily apparent, overcomes this difliculty, and provides a permanently secured hinge pin, one which will not be rotated or affected by any binding or clamping in the hinge members.

I believe that a hinge last constructed with my novel hinge pins, represents a novel structure, and I have therefore claimed the same herein.

In Fig. 6 is illustrated a slight modification of the pin 1. wherein a hinge pin 23 is provided, this hinge pin being of greater length than the pin 1, and having a consequently longer knurled portion 24. The chamfered end or head 25 is also provided, and the principal advantage of this type of pin is the increased holding surface pro-- vided by the additional length of knurled surface.

The advantages of this type of hinge pin will be appreciated and understood by last makers and users, as well as others skilled in this art, and will not only result in a more satisfactory last, but in a last which will have a longer life, due to the elimination of wear on the last at the hinge pin portions.

lVhile I have illustrated but two types of last in the present application, viz, an instep block last, and a hinge last, it will be appreciated that my novel pins are equally as applicable to other types of lasts, with the consequent and resulting advantages obtained by the use of these pins.

The feature of time and labor saving, effected by the use of my novel pins is also an important element, greatly less time being required to drive these pins into the last, than has been heretofore required in first applying glue or other adhesive, and then driving in the pins, or in. threading or screwing a threaded pin into the wood of the last, so that the use of my novel pins effects a considerable saving in the manufacture and assembly of lasts.

My novel pins are also simple and inexpensive to manufacture.

While I have necessarily described my present invention somewhat in detail, it will be appreciated that I am not limited thereto, but may vary the size. shape. and arrangement of parts within reasonably wide limits without departing from the spirit of the invention.

My invention is further described and defined in the form of claim as follows:

A metallic dowel pin for assisting in holding together two separable members. said dowel pin comprising a positioning portion adapted to engage one of the members and a shank portion, the other member having a recess therein of less diameter than the diameter of said shank portion, said shank portion being adapted to be driven into said recess and permanently anchored therein, said shank port-ion being provided with a plurality of teeth around its circumference and throughout substantially the entire length of the shank portion which is in said recess, the said teeth on said shank portion meshing with the wood of the recessed member and permanently and immovably anchoring said dowel pin therein.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

ERNEST M. FULLERTON. 

